Come orientarsi nel mondo delle case in legno

Come orientarsi nel mondo delle case in legno

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Una recente ricerca datata dicembre 2015 ha mostrato come sempre più persone in Italia siano interessate all’edilizia in legno.

Un settore in continua crescita con centinaia di milioni di euro di fatturato, oltre 250 aziende specializzato e la maggior parte degli edifici costruiti adibiti ad edilizia abitativa. In prima fila tra le regioni italiane rispetto a questo settore Valle d’Aosta, Veneto e Lombardia. Insieme all’azienda Friul Wood House che si occupa della costruzione di case in legno a Udine, ci aiuterà ad orientarci in un settore per il quale esiste ancora poca informazione oltre che falsi miti.

Il primo elemento su cui è bene fare chiarezza è la burocrazia legata alle case in legno. Per costruire una casa in legno bisogna seguire la stessa trafila burocratica relativa alle case in mattoni. Sarà quindi necessario disporre di un terreno classificato come edificabile, richiedere l’autorizzazione comunale a costruire, verificare che non sussistano vincoli paesaggistici e via dicendo.

La seconda questione che andiamo ad analizzare è il significato dell’espressione “casa prefabbricata in legno”. L’aggettivo “prefabbricata” in questo caso non sottintende che ci troviamo di fronte ad un edificio temporaneo e spartano, ma semplicemente che determinate strutture dell’edificio sono state realizzate in una fabbrica per poi essere assemblate presso il cantiere nel quale si sta edificando la casa. Questa tecnica consente di realizzare la struttura in legno portante al riparo da eventuali intemperie.

La terza questione che prenderemo in considerazione riguarda la resistenza delle case in legno rispetto alla quale i privati non hanno nulla da temere. La struttura delle case in legno risulta sempre protetta dall’azione delle intemperie in quanto sempre ricoperta da pannelli di rivestimento in gessofribra, OSB o altri materiali. Nulla da temere anche rispetto all’azione degli insetti xilofagi (tarli e termiti), in quanto il legno utilizzato viene trattato con particolari impregnanti fanno si che le eventuali larve di questi insetti periscano prima ancora di svilupparsi.

Anche rispetto agli incendi una casa in legno può garantirci una certa sicurezza, in quanto in caso di incendio essa riporta gli stessi danni di una casa normale. Le case in legno inoltre resistono bene anche ai terremoti grazie alla leggerezza ed alla flessibilità del legno, non a caso in Italia la grande diffusione delle case in legno è stata decreta dalle nuove case antisismiche in legno realizzate presso il territorio de L’Aquila. Non dimentichiamoci inoltre che le fondamenta di una casa in legno sono realizzate in solido cemento armato.

Infine parliamo dei costi delle case in legno. Non è corretto dire che le case in legno sono “sempre” più economiche di quelle in mattoni. Tutto dipende dalle caratteristiche della casa stessa. Se c’è invece un tipo di risparmio che le case in legno sono in grado di garantire quello è sicuramente legato alla riduzione dei costi per luce e gas. L’ottimo isolamento termico delle case in legno infatti consente di avere un’abitazione più calda d’inverno, più fresca l’estate e più asciutta d’autunno, riducendo così le risorse utilizzate per il riscaldamento ed il raffrescamento degli ambienti domestici.

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